મેડિસીનના ક્ષેત્રમાં તાપમાન અને સ્પર્શ રિસેપ્ટર્સની શોધ બદલ અમેરિકાના વૈજ્ઞાનિક ડેવિડ જુલિયસ અને આર્ડોમ પેટાપાઉટિયનને નોબેલ ઇનામ આપવામાં આવ્યું હતું.
નોબલ કમિટીના મહામંત્રી થોમસ પર્લમેને સોમવારે Dt.4/10/2021 વિજેતાઓનાં નામ જાહેર કર્યા હતા.
પર્લમેને જણાવ્યું હતું કે આ ખરેખર કુદરતનું એક રહસ્ય જાહેર કરે છે. ખરી રીતે આ એવી બાબત છે કે જે આપણા અસ્તિત્વ માટે જરૂરી છે, માટે આ અત્યંત મહત્ત્વનું છે અને ખાસ શોધ છે. આ પ્રતિષ્ઠિત ઇનામમાં સુવર્ણ ચંદ્રક અને ૧૦ મિલિયન સ્વિડીશ ક્રોનર (૧.૧૪ મિલિયન ડોલરથી વધારે)ની રકમ મળે છે.
આ વર્ષનું આ પહેલું ઇનામ જાહેર કરાયું છે. આ સિવાય ભૌતિકશાસ્ત્ર, રસાયણ શાસ્ત્ર, સાહિત્ય, શાંતિ અને અર્થશાસ્ત્રમાં વિશિષ્ટ યોગદાન બદલ પણ ઇનામો આપવામાં આવે છે.
In English
Two U.S.-based scientists were awarded the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine on October 4 for their discovery of the receptors that allow humans to feel temperature and touch.
David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian focused their work on the field of somatosensation, that is the ability of specialised organs such as eyes, ears and skin to see, hear and feel.
“This really unlocks one of the secrets of nature,” said Thomas Perlmann, secretary-general of the Nobel Committee, in announcing the winners. “It’s actually something that is crucial for our survival, so it’s a very important and profound discovery.” The committee said Mr. Julius, 65, used capsaicin, the active component in chilli peppers, to identify the nerve sensors that allow the skin to respond to heat.
Mr. Patapoutian found separate pressure-sensitive sensors in cells that respond to mechanical stimulation, it said.
The pair shared the prestigious Kavli Award for Neuroscience last year.
“Imagine that you’re walking barefoot across a field on this summer’s morning,” said Patrik Ernfors of the Nobel Committee. “You can feel the warmth of the sun, the coolness of the morning dew, a caressing summer breeze and the fine texture of blades of grass underneath your feet. These impressions of temperature, touch and movement are feelings relying on somatosensation.”
“Such information continuously flows from the skin and other deep tissues and connects us with the external and internal world. It is also essential for tasks that we perform effortlessly and without much thought,” said Mr. Ernfors.
Mr. Perlmann said he managed to get hold of both of the winners before the announcement.
“I […] only had a few minutes to talk to them, but they were incredibly happy,” he said. “And as far as I could tell they were very surprised and a little bit shocked, maybe.”
Last year’s prize went to three scientists who discovered the liver-ravaging hepatitis C virus, a breakthrough that led to cures for the deadly disease and tests to keep the scourge from spreading though blood banks.
The prestigious award comes with a gold medal and 10 million Swedish kronor (over $1.14 million). The prize money comes from a bequest left by the prize’s creator, Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel, who died in 1895.
The prize is the first to be awarded this year. The other prizes are for outstanding work in the fields of physics, chemistry, literature, peace and economics.
